The internal–external distinction is a distinction used in philosophy to divide an ontology into two parts: an internal part consisting of a linguistic framework and observations related to that framework, and an external part concerning practical questions about the utility of that framework. This division was introduced by Rudolf Carnap in his work "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology". It was subsequently criticized at length by Willard Van Orman Quine in a number of works

The paper that gave rise to the renewed focus on ontology was Quine's. “On What There Is.” This was followed by Carnap's “Empiricism, Semantics.

Carnap, “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology”. Major Premise: Accepting the existence abstract entities involves a pragmatic decision to use a certain linguistic framework and not a theoretical assertion of the independent existence of a system of entities. Sub-premise: The external question of the independent existence of a system of entities is Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology by Rudolf Carnap. 1. The Problem of Abstract Entities Basically the problem is, in the words of Quine "What is there?", or perhaps better more explicitly "What exists?", lest we should find a difference between the two. 2. Linguistic Frameworks Empiricism, Semantics.

Empiricism semantics and ontology

Oxford University Press. pp. 424--43. Empiricism and State-Space Semantics. On Extending "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology" to the Realism/Instrumentalism Controversy.

Carnap, “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology” A physicist who is suspicious of abstract entities may perhaps try to declare a certain part of the language of physics as uninterpreted and uninterpretable, that part which refers to real numbers as space-time coordinates or as values of physical magnitudes, to functions, limits, etc.

Empiricists have always been suspicious of abstract entities such as properties and numbers and try to stick to nominalistic language - to not have references to these entities. Daniel Bonevac. University of Texas at Austin.

Empiricism, semantics, and ontology by Rudolf Carnap, 1950, Bobbs-Merrill edition, in English

Rudolph Carnap. [In this essay Carnap is concerned with the question of the “reality” of the sorts of what he calls “abstract. Rudolf Carnap’s article “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology” deals with the implications of accepting language which refers to abstract entities. Empiricists. The internal–external distinction is a distinction used in philosophy to divide an ontology into two parts: an internal part consisting of a linguistic framework and observations related to that framework, and an external part concerning practical questions about the utility of that framework. This division was introduced by Rudolf Carnap in his work "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology".

Semanticists claim that certain expressions designate certain entities, including abstract entities2.
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external questions.

Ontology and the Rejection of Metaphysics in “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology” This was the task of “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology,” which begins as follows.
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Carnap, R. (1950) ‘Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology’, in Meaning and Necessity: A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic, enlarged edition (University of Chicago Press, 1956). Horwich, P. (1990) Truth, Oxford: Blackwell. Dreier, J. (2004) ‘Metaethics and the Problem of Creeping Minimalism’, Philosophical Perspectives 18: 23-44.

It is hoped that the clarification of the issue will be useful to those who would like to accept abstract entities in their work in mathematics, physics, semantics, or any other field; it may help them to overcome Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology. Rudolph Carnap. [In this essay Carnap is concerned with the question of the “reality” of the sorts of what he calls “abstract. Rudolf Carnap’s article “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology” deals with the implications of accepting language which refers to abstract entities. Empiricists.